Variation of Human Transfer RNA Demand and Supply

Relative tRNA supply per codon in blood cells varies by about 1000-fold across the 61 sense codons, with broadly consistent high- and low-supply patterns across ten healthy donors.

• Why it matters: It remains unclear whether individuals share a quantitative relationship between tRNA supply and codon demand, limiting codon-dependent interpretations of gene regulation and synonymous sequence effects.
• What they did: Using Marathon-tRNA-sequencing with matched mRNA-sequencing, the study quantified tRNA and mRNA abundance from blood cells of ten healthy donors and integrated codon- and cognate tRNA levels across all 61 sense codons.
• The result: Interindividual variability differs by codon, peaking for ACG (threonine), and synonymous codons show different relative supply without consistent links to genomic preferences, enabling a codon-specific reference for future regulation studies.

AI summary of the abstract · may contain errors · not medical advice · read the paper.