The Lancet Infectious Diseases

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In the LASCOPE cohort at Federal Medical Centre Owo, pregnant women with PCR-confirmed Lassa fever had comparable 28-day all-cause mortality (9% vs 7%) to non-pregnant women.

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Ganaplacide 400 mg plus lumefantrine SDF 480 mg once daily for 3 days with a light meal is non-inferior to artemether-lumefantrine for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria, with day-29 response rates of 99% vs 99%.

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A patient with relapsed multiple myeloma receiving teclistamab developed LCMV meningoencephalitis, and combination antivirals cleared LCMV from CSF and blood within 2 months.

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In a phase 3 trial in HABP/VABP patients, imipenem-cilastatin-funobactam showed 14-day all-cause mortality of 3.0% versus 2.7% for imipenem-cilastatin-relebactam.

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In a paired community tuberculosis screening trial in Lesotho and South Africa, CAD4TBv7-CRP detected fewer cases than CAD4TBv7 (82.2% vs 94.5%), failing non-inferiority.

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Sexual and vertical transmission dominate HTLV-1 infections in adults aged 25–69 years, accounting for 85% and 8% of infections across endemic foci.

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A recalibrated stochastic SEIRD model for the 2026 Bundibugyo virus outbreak in DR Congo (Ituri) projects a median of 990 cumulative confirmed cases by week 12.

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A fatal Legionella micdadei prosthetic valve endocarditis case was diagnosed using plasma microbial cell-free DNA metagenomic next-generation sequencing, confirmed by valve tissue culture.

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In hospitalized adults with advanced HIV disease in sub-Saharan Africa, tuberculosis pre-test probability often exceeds the therapeutic threshold, supporting earlier empiric antituberculous therapy even without confirmatory testing.

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WRSs2 live-attenuated Shigella sonnei vaccine provided 89% efficacy (95% CI 71–96; p<0·0001) against committee-adjudicated shigellosis in USA adults.

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Predicted k13 ART-R mutation prevalence in Northern Province, Rwanda, reached 62·2% (95% credible interval 3·9–98·6) in 2024, rising from 0·2% in 2012.

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Pragmatic randomized tuberculosis treatment trials can be designed using PRECIS-2 to balance real-world generalisability with participant safety and data reliability across routine care settings.

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In 2023, global HIV-related tuberculosis produced 781,000 incident cases and 210,000 deaths, yielding 11·0 million DALYs, highlighting a persistent HIV-linked TB burden worldwide.

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In a phase 3 trial in Chinese women aged 18–45, the E. coli-produced 9vHPV vaccine showed non-inferior neutralizing antibody responses versus 2vHPV, with GMC ratios of 0·60 (HPV 16) and 0·64 (HPV 18) at month 7.