Nature Ecology & Evolution

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Global alpha- and beta-diversity models show low predictive accuracy on local scales, even when land-use impacts match prior findings, revealing a gap between inferred effects and local forecasts.

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A new climate-risk–inspired framework defines risks from harmful nature’s contributions to people as the overlap of ecosystem hazards with societal exposure and vulnerability.

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Afforestation across 1,158 paired sites worldwide is linked to greater soil microbial biomass and larger topsoil carbon storage over stand development up to a century.

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Over two-thirds of inundated coastal land area (approximately 290,000–470,000 km²) will be environmentally suitable for 122 established non-native marine animals by the mid and end of this century.

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Intermittent treatment pulses in structured yeast populations transiently reconfigure the resource landscape, enabling resistant mutants to escape spatial confinement and drive therapy failure.

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A 9-year genomic time series in a tsunami-induced hybrid stickleback population in Japan shows rapid genome-wide purging within only a few generations, despite extensive introgression.

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Protein structure prediction identified a previously unrecognized IL-1 protein family, IL-1anc, with homologs throughout Eumetazoa, linking it to mammalian IL-1α/IL-1β features.

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Simulated near-bed larval exchange among APEIs in the Clarion-Clipperton Zone is extremely limited, with fewer than 0.02% of particles reaching another APEI under 19–69-day dispersal.

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Protein denaturation, not lipid membrane breakdown, governs photosynthetic heat tolerance across photosystem II in 177 plant species from 157 families.

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Biodiversity is positively and significantly associated with multifunctionality across 206 European ponds, with several ecosystem functions strongly linked to zooplankton richness.

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Greater heterogeneity in dispersal strategies lowers a focal species’ vulnerability to competitive exclusion at a given abundance, as quantified by competitive balance in forest communities.

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Across 423 studies, biodiversity generally enhances ecosystem functions and services, with oceanic “blue carbon” sequestration showing exceptional sensitivity to biodiversity loss.

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Interaction matrices provide an analytically tractable way to summarize pairwise species impacts in ecological communities, but are criticized for oversimplifying complexity.

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In a 13-year fully factorial grassland field experiment, ecosystem stability is strongly non-additive and time-dependent under elevated CO2, nitrogen enrichment, warming, and reduced rainfall.