Enzymes for CO(2) fixation: Discovery, engineering, and applications.

Enzymatic CO2 fixation pathways can be optimized to convert CO2 into valuable products, with potential for scalable, sustainable biocatalytic applications.

• Why it matters: Addressing CO2 emissions is critical for mitigating climate change and advancing a sustainable bioeconomy, yet efficient biological sequestration methods remain underdeveloped.
• What they did: The review summarizes natural and artificial CO2-fixation enzymes, their mechanisms, and strategies to enhance their efficiency, including biocatalytic applications in high-value compound synthesis.
• The result: Bridging mechanistic understanding with scalable processes enables the development of multi-enzyme systems and bioreactors, advancing economic CO2 conversion into useful products.