Towards a systematic understanding of the diverse subtypes, biogenesis and functions of large extracellular vesicles.

Large extracellular vesicles (lEVs) are a highly diverse group exceeding 200 nm, with distinct biogenesis pathways and functions, including apoptotic bodies, microvesicles, and large oncosomes.

• Why it matters: Understanding the heterogeneity and specific roles of lEV subtypes is crucial for elucidating their contributions to physiological processes and disease mechanisms, filling a significant knowledge gap.
• What they did: The study reviews recent advances in classifying lEV subtypes, their biogenesis, cargo, and functions, utilizing emerging technologies like multidimensional characterization and mechanistic analyses.
• The result: These insights and tools are poised to deepen understanding of lEV diversity, enabling better exploration of their roles in health and disease, and fostering more rigorous, reproducible research.