Strategies for biofilm disruption: Mechanisms, polymeric networks, mixed infections, and emerging biomaterials.

Biofilm disruption strategies target conserved matrix components and mechanisms across pathogens, with advances showing promise for next-generation antibiofilm interventions.

• Why it matters: Biofilms' extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) matrix confers structural integrity and antimicrobial tolerance, making infections difficult to treat and control in clinical and environmental settings.
• What they did: Researchers review mechanisms of biofilm formation and eradication, including enzymatic depolymerization, nanoparticle disruption, bacteriophage depolymerases, and immunological approaches, along with emerging biomaterials like CRISPR antimicrobials.
• The result: These advances establish a mechanistic foundation for developing targeted antibiofilm therapies, enabling precise interventions against persistent infections caused by diverse pathogens.

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