Single-chain variable fragments in veterinary medicine: Intelligent design, efficient expression, and precision applications.

This review synthesizes scFv antibody progress for veterinary biologics, integrating AI-assisted design, scalable expression systems, and precision applications to address field constraints and translational gaps.

• Why it matters: Veterinary translation is hindered by cost limits in food animals, the need for long-term stability under variable field conditions, cross-species immunogenicity risks, and limited regulatory frameworks.
• What they did: It systematically evaluates AI and computational scFv design tools (separating scFv-validated methods from broader antibody engineering), compares bacterial, yeast, mammalian, plant, and insect cell expression platforms, and maps advances to veterinary use cases.
• The result: The synthesis provides an application-oriented framework for platform selection, aiming to guide rational development of next-generation scFv biologics tailored to animal health and field conditions.

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