Neuroinflammation is an early pathological process in a mouse model of prodromal Parkinsons disease

Unilateral olfactory bulb injection of Syn preformed fibrils in wild-type mice leads to progressive bilateral AON and ipsilateral piriform cortex Syn pSer129 pathology within 1–3 months, without neuronal loss.

• Why it matters: Olfactory deficits precede motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease, but how Syn aggregation relates to early functional impairment—especially via neuroinflammation—has been unclear.
• What they did: The study examined neuropathology and inflammation 1–3 months after OB PFF injection, using stereological counts for neuronal loss plus gene expression, microglial reactivity, and astrogliosis measures.
• The result: Pro-inflammatory Il-1{beta} and Il-6 upregulation, significant microglial reactivity, and sustained astrogliosis were detected, identifying neuroinflammation as an early mediator linked to olfactory dysfunction before neurodegeneration.

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