Home-based primary care services for managing non-communicable diseases in rural India: a retrospective multiple time-point observational study

In rural Maharashtra, India, NEEM home-based primary care is linked to per-90-day reductions in systolic blood pressure (-1.19 mmHg) and improved hypertension control (aOR 1.21).

• Why it matters: Limited healthcare access can worsen non-communicable disease outcomes, but real-world evidence for home-based, digitally supported primary care models remains limited.
• What they did: A retrospective analysis of routinely collected NEEM data from September 2022 to March 2025 (1,668 participants; 12,769 observations; median follow-up 252.5 days) used generalized estimating equations to estimate within-person changes and population-average odds over time.
• The result: Per 90 days, diastolic blood pressure fell by -0.75 mmHg and random blood sugar by -0.77 mg/dL, while odds of hypertension control rose by 21% and diabetes control by 6%.

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