Cognitive evaluation of brain organoids and assembloids.

A hierarchy of cognitive neuroscience–based assays is proposed to evaluate computational abilities of brain organoids and assembloids, enabling causal tests across architecture and maturation.

• Why it matters: Existing work leaves the computational and cognitive potential of brain organoids and assembloids largely uncharacterized, limiting evidence in debates about organoid consciousness.
• What they did: The approach uses a staged set of assays targeting representations, memory, and predictive processing, designed to probe how maturation and structural design affect measurable computations.
• The result: The assay framework should provide empirical constraints on organoid consciousness debates and support causal testing of how architecture and maturation shape emerging computations.

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