Claustrum Transcriptome Alterations in Schizophrenia.

In postmortem human dorsal claustrum, schizophrenia is linked to 1717 differentially expressed genes, with 1149 (66.9%) upregulated in schizophrenia versus unaffected comparisons.

• Why it matters: Schizophrenia involves transcriptome changes in dlPFC and ACC, but the molecular status of the subcortical dorsal claustrum—densely connected to these regions—was unclear.
• What they did: A case-control RNA-seq study compared dCLA homogenates from 47 individuals with SZ and 49 unaffected comparisons, identifying 1717 DEGs and testing enrichment and cross-region overlap using gene set enrichment and rank-rank hypergeometric overlap.
• The result: dCLA showed 4–12 times more DEGs than ACC (289) or dlPFC (102), yet threshold-free RRHO indicated a conserved SZ-associated expression pattern across all three regions, unlike weaker concordance in putamen and caudate.

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