Estimated global treatment costs for 31 cancer types by stage, year, and follow-up period: a systematic review and modelling study.

Estimated 10-year direct treatment costs for newly diagnosed cancers in 2022 total $771·48 billion (95% UI 719·99–823·81), driven most by breast cancer at $96·07 billion.

• Why it matters: Global, stage- and time-specific cost estimates are limited, yet they are needed to support economic evaluations and guide policy and resource allocation for cancer control.
• What they did: A systematic review screened 25,896 studies and included 196 covering 31 cancer types across 44 countries; costs were standardized to GDP per capita and synthesized with a Bayesian hierarchical model using cancer type, stage I–IV, diagnosis year, and follow-up period.
• The result: Costs per diagnosed patient averaged $38,650 (95% UI 36,070–41,280), declining with higher GDP per capita and rising over time for stage III–IV, enabling global and regional cost projections by cancer type.

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