Invasive fusariosis after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation: clinical features and prognostic value of serum β-D-glucan in a nationwide Japanese registry study.

Elevated serum (1→3)-β-D-glucan around diagnosis is strongly linked to 30-day mortality in 31 Japanese allogeneic HCT recipients with invasive fusariosis.

• Why it matters: Invasive fusariosis after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation is rare and often fatal, but prognostic biomarkers and early-risk factors are poorly defined.
• What they did: Using a nationwide Japanese registry (2008–2021), investigators surveyed cases and measured serum (1→3)-β-D-glucan, comparing BDG/ULN in 30-day survivors versus non-survivors.
• The result: BDG/ULN within 1 week before diagnosis was lower in survivors (median 0.55) than non-survivors (median 2.94), and a pre-diagnostic BDG/ULN of 1.27 predicted 30-day mortality (sensitivity 85.7%, specificity 81.0%).

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