A guide to B cell metabolism.

B cells undergo extensive, temporally regulated metabolic remodeling from bone marrow commitment through peripheral function, with distinct strategies linked to effector identity.

• Why it matters: Humoral immunity depends on immune-cell metabolism that must shift with changing signals, energy needs, and nutrients, yet B cell metabolic mechanisms have been less studied than other immune cells.
• What they did: This Review synthesizes evidence on metabolic pathways controlling B cell homeostasis, how they integrate with cell signalling, and how B cells adapt to spatial and temporal niche environments.
• The result: The work frames B cell metabolism as a key frontier in health and disease, linking pathway aberrations to B cell-driven malignancies, autoimmunity, inborn errors of immunity, and B cell-tropic infections.

AI summary of the abstract · may contain errors · not medical advice · read the paper.