Origins and consequences of oncogenic 3D chromatin remodelling.

Chromatin 3D structure is altered in cancer, and oncogenic capacity of specific alterations can be explained by their effects on 3D chromatin conformation.

• Why it matters: Cancer-associated changes can target multiple 3D structural elements, but understanding their oncogenic impact requires accounting for how chromatin conformation is reshaped.
• What they did: This Review synthesizes multiple lines of evidence linking genetic and epigenetic alterations to changes in chromosomes, compartments, domains, and loops, and discusses how 3D architecture may favor acquiring alterations.
• The result: Chromatin 3D remodelling is presented as both a cause and a consequence of oncogenic alterations, suggesting opportunities for diagnosis and therapy via chromatin 3D conformation and heterogeneity.

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