The abstract is read at the publisher; the summary is JClub's.
Hydrodynamic stress (2.0 BL/s) in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) increases lead accumulation and sharply raises mortality to 75.0% by Day 7 under combined microplastics and lead exposure.
- Why it matters: Aquaculture flows are rarely static, but how hydrodynamics changes contaminant bioavailability and toxicity—especially for co-occurring microplastics and lead—remains unclear.
- What they did: Grass carp were exposed to polyamide microplastics (100 μg/L) plus lead (50 μg/L) under still water versus hydrodynamic stress (2.0 BL/s), with blood and liver endpoints and survival tracked through Day 7.
- The result: Flow exposure increased lead in blood (0.006 ± 0.001 ppm) and liver (1.853 ± 0.096 mg/kg) and coincided with severe hematological disruption and antioxidant collapse, including a 4.66-fold increase in ROS intensity.
The findingWhy it mattersWhat they didThe result
AI summary of the abstract · may contain errors · not medical advice · read the paper.