Synthetic biomanufacturing of triterpenoids: From laboratory to industry.

Heterologous microbial biosynthesis is presented as a promising, efficient, and sustainable strategy to produce triterpenoids, addressing limits of extraction and chemical synthesis.

• Why it matters: Conventional sourcing is constrained by production efficiency, environmental burdens, and limited product diversity, motivating programmable microbial platforms.
• What they did: The review summarizes triterpenoid classification and microbial synthesis challenges, then analyzes host–pathway characteristics and proposes engineering strategies (enzyme/pathway optimization, compartmentalization, systems biology) plus scale-up and downstream improvements.
• The result: It outlines scaling considerations for large-scale fermentation and extraction/recovery, and discusses techno-economic feasibility, regulation, and governance to guide future industrial biomanufacturing of triterpenoids.

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