Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs): A double-edged sword in biomass polysaccharide degradation.

Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) oxidatively cleave glycosidic bonds in crystalline polysaccharides, increasing substrate accessibility for glycoside hydrolases and overall degradation efficiency.

• Why it matters: Their catalytic mechanism also creates complex product profiles and makes them susceptible to self-oxidative inactivation, limiting broader industrial use.
• What they did: This review summarizes LPMO catalytic mechanisms, product diversity, analytical techniques for product identification, and synergistic and inhibitory interactions with glycoside hydrolases during biomass polysaccharide degradation.
• The result: It highlights key differences between LPMO- and endoglucanase-generated products and factors that trigger inhibition, outlining research directions to improve biomass degradation systems.

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