Comparative insights into the apoptosome, inflammasomes and PIDDosome.

Caspase activation platforms—the apoptosome, inflammasome, and PIDDosome—share conserved domain architecture and proximity-driven caspase activation, but diverge in localization and upstream triggers.

• Why it matters: A comparative structural and functional framework is missing, limiting how researchers connect stress sensing to inflammation, cell death, and differentiation across these related complexes.
• What they did: The work is an integrated review comparing architecture, activation mechanisms, and signalling outputs, focusing on conserved domains, proximity-induced caspase activation, and differences in triggers, effectors, and cellular roles.
• The result: The comparison links germline human mutations in these complexes to cancer predisposition, immune dysregulation, and neurodevelopmental disorders, and highlights therapeutic opportunities and open questions for translation.

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