The abstract is read at the publisher; the summary is JClub's.
Peak-phase, closed-loop rTMS over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex improves response inhibition, while trough-phase improves working memory, both using each participant’s 20–30 Hz dominant beta rhythm.
- Why it matters: Endogenous oscillatory phase is thought to organize information processing, but causal evidence in human cognition—linking specific beta phases to distinct executive functions—has been unclear.
- What they did: Participants received EEG phase-controlled, closed-loop rTMS at the peak or trough of endogenous beta (20–30 Hz) over left DLPFC, with conventional 20-Hz phase-independent rTMS as an active control.
- The result: Peak-targeted stimulation increased event-related potentials and enhanced inhibitory-control network connectivity, whereas trough-targeted stimulation increased event-related potentials and expanded anterior prefrontal networks; behavioral gains correlated with electrophysiological changes.
The findingWhy it mattersWhat they didThe result
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