PhyMorphS: A Physics-Guided Framework for Mesh-Based Morphological Synthesis of White Matter Microstructures

PhyMorphS synthesizes irregular, asymmetric, and non-convex axonal cross-sections with longitudinal diameter variation, matching region-specific morphology from four white-matter regions.

• Why it matters: Existing phantom tools rely on predefined symmetric cross-sections and limited physics-constrained surface deformation, leaving uncertainty about how realistic morphology affects dMRI simulations.
• What they did: The framework represents axons, myelin sheaths, and cell bodies as triangle meshes, then uses a mass-spring system with collision-resolution to iteratively grow axons under mechanical and packing constraints.
• The result: Compared with large-scale X-ray nano-holotomography segmentations, it reproduces key region-specific characteristics and achieves high packing density, scaling approximately linearly with axon count in the generation voxel.

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