G3BP1-mediated RNA-RNA interactions regulate stress granule assembly.

G3BP1 irCLASH-seq shows that under arsenite stress, RNA features and G3BP1-mediated RNA-RNA interactomes differ between AS and AS+, with AU-rich ARMs promoting SG assembly.

• Why it matters: Stress granules form from protein-RNA condensates, but which RNAs and RNA-RNA interaction patterns shape their assembly remains unclear.
• What they did: The study used G3BP1 irCLASH-seq under AS and AS+ to map in vivo G3BP1-RNA and G3BP1-mediated RNA-RNA interactomes, then identified two RNA hub groups linked to SG formation.
• The result: AS+-specific AU-rich ARMs and AS--specific GC-rich motifs (GRMs) are correlated with SG RNA enrichment; ARMs promote and GRMs inhibit SG assembly, and motif insertion can confer regulatory function.

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