The Transformation of Oncology Drug Development in China: Toward a New Phase of Innovation.

China’s oncology drug development ecosystem has shifted from rapid pipeline expansion to clinical value-driven innovation across modalities from 2015 to 2025.

• Why it matters: Scale has made China a major source of oncology trials and modality innovation, but the review argues that scale alone may not yield global impact.
• What they did: The authors review regulatory reform and the 2015–2025 evolution of clinical development for small molecules, mAbs, multispecific antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates, and cell and gene therapies.
• The result: They identify advances in EGFR-mutant lung cancer, gastrointestinal malignancies, hepatocellular carcinoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and CLDN18.2-directed therapies, while noting challenges in biomarker definition, therapeutic window optimization, manufacturing consistency, and globally interpretable evidence.

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