Global, regional, and national burden of gallbladder and biliary diseases in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2023: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023.

Gallbladder and biliary diseases increased globally from 1990 to 2023, with prevalence rising to 264.4 million and DALYs to 8.2 million despite declining age-standardised rates.

• Why it matters: A comprehensive, systematic picture of how prevalence, mortality, and disability from gallbladder and biliary diseases have changed worldwide was missing, limiting planning for prevention and care.
• What they did: Using Global Burden of Disease Study 2023 estimates for 204 countries and territories (1990–2023), the team modelled mortality with the Cause of Death Ensemble model and prevalence with DisMod-MR 2.1, then computed YLLs, YLDs, and DALYs with age-standardised and age-specific rates.
• The result: Age-standardised prevalence fell from 3573.2 to 2990.1 per 100,000, mortality from 1.95 to 1.67 per 100,000, and DALYs from 111.5 to 92.3 per 100,000, while absolute counts rose and regional patterns varied by SDI and age.

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