Cancer-specific T cell receptor discovery using 150,000 clinical genomics samples.

Public T cell receptor chains targeting therapeutically relevant cancer antigens were identified from ~150,000 patient tumor samples, including targets like mutated KRAS and CT83.

• Why it matters: Shared “public” TCRs could provide a scalable way to discover cancer-specific immune recognition, but large clinical datasets had not been systematically leveraged to find them.
• What they did: The team computationally analyzed bulk RNA sequencing from routine clinical genomics testing, then paired enriched TCR-α and TCR-β sequences and experimentally validated 44 TCRs across nine peptide-HLA targets.
• The result: The validated TCRs recognized multiple peptide-HLA targets, including potent cytotoxic TCRs, suggesting public anticancer TCRs are common and may support new cancer therapeutic development.

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