Modular design of Salmonella Typhimurium OMV-based nanovaccines for tunable dual-form polysaccharide antigen delivery.

Engineered Salmonella Typhimurium OMVs encapsulating two distinct polysaccharide formulations elicit effective in vivo immune responses in a murine model.

• Why it matters: Polysaccharide antigens are key protective targets, but delivering them with strong immunogenicity—without relying on traditional adjuvant components—remains a major vaccine design challenge.
• What they did: Salmonella Typhimurium was genetically engineered for controlled synthesis of LPS and glycoprotein, which were encapsulated into OMVs and used to deliver the O-antigen polysaccharide of Shigella flexneri 3a.
• The result: In mice, the OMV-based delivery system confirmed effective immune activation, supporting a modular platform for future multi-form bacterial polysaccharide vaccine delivery.

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