The abstract is read at the publisher; the summary is JClub's.
Low-dose interleukin-2 did not significantly preserve pancreatic β-cell function at month 12 in newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes, with C-peptide AUC ratio 1·06 (95% CI 0·56–2·01; p=0·85) versus placebo.
- Why it matters: Although low-dose IL-2 can expand regulatory T cells, it was unknown whether this immune effect would translate into measurable β-cell preservation after diagnosis, when inflammation is high.
- What they did: In a double-blind, multicentre, randomised phase 2b trial in 141 participants aged 6–35 years with type 1 diabetes diagnosed within 3 months, IL-2 regimens A or B were compared with placebo using mixed-meal C-peptide AUC at month 12, alongside safety monitoring.
- The result: Treg expansion peaked at day 5 (adjusted means 1·31 vs 1·04; difference −0·27), but β-cell function was not preserved; serious adverse events occurred in 20% of placebo and 10% of IL-2 groups, supporting further study in earlier disease or combinations.
The findingWhy it mattersWhat they didThe result
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