Effect of diet macronutrient content on the cardiometabolic response to weight loss: A randomized clinical trial.

A very-low-carbohydrate diet yields 2-3 times greater improvements in hepatic insulin sensitivity than Mediterranean or very-low-fat diets during 10% weight loss in metabolically unhealthy obesity.

• Why it matters: Understanding how diet composition influences cardiometabolic health during weight loss can guide personalized treatment for individuals with obesity-related metabolic issues.
• What they did: Researchers conducted a randomized clinical trial with three diets—ketogenic, Mediterranean, and plant-forward low-fat—each inducing approximately 10% weight loss, and measured insulin sensitivity, liver fat, and metabolic markers.
• The result: The very-low-carbohydrate diet led to the greatest reductions in hepatic triglyceride, de novo lipogenesis, glycated hemoglobin, and plasma glucose and insulin, highlighting its superior benefits for hepatic metabolic function.