Combination therapy with broadly neutralizing antibodies, antiretroviral therapy and CCR5 blockade limits viral reservoir seeding in infant macaque model of HIV.

In an infant rhesus macaque peripartum oral HIV model, combining broadly neutralizing antibodies, ART, and leronlimab reduced viral reservoir seeding and prevented detectable replicating or latent virus 1 year after stopping therapy.

• Why it matters: Without ART access, many children acquire HIV and face lifelong infection, so preventing establishment of latent reservoirs after early exposure is a key unmet need.
• What they did: Broadly neutralizing antibodies alone did not stop latent reservoir establishment, and CCR5 blockade with leronlimab alone failed to prevent it, though it reduced seeding in lymphoid and gastrointestinal tissues; the triple regimen was given when viraemia was present at 72 h post-infection.
• The result: After the combination treatment, no evidence of replicating or latent virus or antiviral immunity was detected 1 year after treatment interruption, implying synergy for reservoir prevention in this model.

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