Tripartite Interaction Between Penicillium pinophilum-Host Plants and CMV-Y: A Model for Endophyte-Mediated Viral Biocontrol.

Penicillium pinophilum EU0013 suppresses the yellow strain of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV-Y) in Solanum lycopersicum and Nicotiana benthamiana, linked to jasmonate- and RNA-silencing–mediated defence.

• Why it matters: Endophytes can alter host physiology, but the molecular mechanisms by which they mediate antiviral protection are poorly understood.
• What they did: The authors infected plants with CMV-Y and assessed oxidative/hormonal changes, jasmonate-ZIM-domain protein degradation, JA signalling activation, and RNA silencing via a Dicer-like gene upregulation; virus-induced gene silencing tested MYC2 and WRKY17.
• The result: Endophyte colonisation mitigated CMV-Y–induced oxidative and hormonal perturbations, promoted JA signalling and RNA silencing engagement, induced PR9, improved reactive oxygen species control, and showed host-modulated PR1 versus PR2/PR5 responses.

AI summary of the abstract · may contain errors · not medical advice · read the paper.