β-Glucan and Inulin Estimated Intake Are Associated With Reduced Risk of Crohn's Disease, Improved Gut Barrier and Systemic Inflammation Markers, and Multi-Omic Signatures in a High-Risk Cohort.

Higher estimated intake of β-glucan and inulin is linked to a 30% reduced risk of Crohn's disease in a high-risk cohort of first-degree relatives.

• Why it matters: Crohn's disease etiology remains unclear, and identifying dietary factors that influence its development could inform prevention strategies. Understanding how fiber intake affects disease risk and gut health is crucial for developing targeted interventions.
• What they did: The study analyzed 3314 asymptomatic first-degree relatives of Crohn's patients over a median of 8.5 years, estimating habitual fiber intake from food questionnaires and assessing biological samples for gut and systemic markers, using Cox models and multivariable regression.
• The result: Higher intake of β-glucan and inulin was associated with lower CD risk, improved gut barrier function, reduced systemic inflammation, and decreased abundance of certain pathobionts, suggesting dietary modulation may influence disease development.