Uncoupling hypersensitive cell death response and disease resistance activated by effector-triggered immunity.

The Arabidopsis cbp60g sard1 double mutant shows exaggerated ETI-associated hypersensitive response while still retaining partial bacterial pathogen resistance, uncoupling cell death from effective immunity.

• Why it matters: HR is linked to disease resistance, but the genetic and transcriptional mechanisms separating effective protection from self-inflicted cell death are unclear.
• What they did: The study used transcriptome profiling in the cbp60g sard1 mutant to map CBP60g and SARD1 immune regulatory programs, highlighting NUDT7 as a downstream factor that partially restrains HR.
• The result: NUDT7 overexpression only incompletely restores the mutant phenotype, implying additional CBP60g/SARD1-dependent negative regulators buffer excessive cell death while maintaining partial resistance.

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