Integrated Whole-Genome and Transcriptome Sequencing Reveals Divergent Evolutionary Processes Across Biliary Tract Cancer Subtypes.

Two consensus cancer subtypes (CCS) were identified from integrated whole-genome and transcriptome sequencing of 180 biliary tract cancer tumors, segregating by primary tumor anatomy.

• Why it matters: BTC is rare and heterogeneous, and current anatomical/pathology classifications may hide shared biology and limit more precise patient stratification.
• What they did: The study sequenced 180 laser capture microdissection–enriched tumors and integrated networks across transcriptomic classes to define CCS, then compared mutational and expression marker patterns.
• The result: CCS-B tumors showed clock-like and APOBEC signatures plus extrachromosomal DNA, while CCS-A tumors featured chromosome-arm deletions, enabling improved stratification beyond anatomy alone.

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