Integrating arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in Mediterranean Climate-Smart Viticulture: Progress, bottlenecks, and future directions.

AMF integration in Mediterranean climate-smart viticulture is a promising adaptation strategy, with evidence suggesting improved vineyard resilience under future climate scenarios.

• Why it matters: Climate change threatens Mediterranean viticulture by altering temperature, rainfall, and extreme weather, which can affect grapevine physiology, yield, composition, and vineyard health.
• What they did: This review synthesizes knowledge on climate change impacts on grapevine performance and adaptation strategies, focusing on AMF effects on water/nutrient uptake and stress tolerance, plus how climate may shift native mycorrhizal communities and when inoculants are needed.
• The result: The evidence suggests AMF may enhance resilience, but the review concludes more research is needed to optimize application and clarify long-term effects across different viticultural systems.