TGF-β-PDL1 signaling in neutrophils preserves the lung barrier during hyperinflammation.

TGF-β-PDL1 signaling in neutrophils maintains lung barrier integrity during hyperinflammation by regulating neutrophil behavior in murine models.

• Why it matters: Dysregulated neutrophil responses in critically ill patients with hyperinflammatory syndromes cause tissue damage and worsen outcomes, highlighting the need to understand immune regulation mechanisms.
• What they did: Using murine cytokine storm models, the study identified TGF-β as a key regulator that upregulates PDL1 in neutrophils, affecting their activation and migration during hyperinflammation.
• The result: Disruption of TGF-β-PDL1 signaling increases neutrophil activation and tissue damage but enhances immune trafficking and host protection, suggesting this axis balances defense and tissue preservation.