Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analysis of the Caudate and Putamen in ADHD

In postmortem caudate and putamen from a stringently phenotyped ADHD cohort (up to 19 years), dopamine is reduced 1.68-fold and region-specific transcriptomic and metabolomic dysregulation is detected.

• Why it matters: ADHD transcriptomic work has often relied on adult cohorts and has not adequately modeled age of onset and subtype, leaving brain-region mechanisms unclear.
• What they did: They performed bulk RNA-seq and LC-MS metabolomics on caudate and putamen, used MEGENA co-expression module detection, and compared results across studies, including testing 76 GWAS risk genes.
• The result: They found 279 up/35 down DEGs in caudate and 110 up/89 down DEGs in putamen, with MEGENA identifying 26 caudate and 33 putamen modules; ARTN showed dysregulated levels in putamen only, and molecular alterations may be age-dependent.

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