Plasma phosphorylated tau species across neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular diseases: An ONDRI study

Plasma p-tau217 is elevated in both Alzheimer’s disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and p-tau217 plus NfL distinguishes ALS from AD with ROC-AUC 0.92.

• Why it matters: p-tau species are proposed as AD-specific biomarkers, but their profiles and diagnostic value across neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular diseases are unclear.
• What they did: In 551 participants from ONDRI (506 patients) plus 45 Aβ PET-negative controls, baseline plasma p-tau217, p-tau181, Aβ42/40, NfL, and GFAP were compared across 10 diagnostic groups using cross-sectional tests and ROC-AUC analyses, including p-tau217-based inferred amyloid positivity.
• The result: p-tau217, p-tau181, GFAP, and NfL differed across groups (all P < 0.001); inferred amyloid positivity was more probable in MCI, AD, ALS, and cognitively impaired CVD (all P < 0.05).

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