Midlife nonlinearities across scale in Biondi body amyloid formation in the human choroid plexus

Biondi body amyloid inclusions in human choroid plexus epithelial cells show near-zero prevalence until age 40, then exceed 50% after age 70, with BB load still rising.

• Why it matters: Midlife nonlinear increases in brain aging pathology are poorly explained, and choroid plexus Biondi bodies could reveal how amyloid formation scales across tissue and population levels.
• What they did: The study quantified thioflavin S-stained Biondi bodies in whole-slide images from 77 cases using manual review and machine learning, measuring BB prevalence, BB load, and spatial clustering in the choroid plexus glomus.
• The result: Spatial clustering was universal, and nearest-neighbor analyses suggested cell-to-cell, prion-like BB spread linked to observed nonlinearities; prevalence was not associated with Alzheimer’s disease and was lower in females than males.

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