Title: Combinatorial bnAb and T Cell Immunization Enhances Post-Infection Control of SHIVSF162p3 Viremia in Rhesus Macaques

AdHu5SIVGag/Tat plus PGT121 in rhesus macaques challenged with a single high dose of SHIVSF162p3 produces a distinct post-infection viremia pattern: longer eclipse, lower peak, and late steady-state decay.

• Why it matters: HIV-1 vaccines must both limit early dissemination and avoid enhancing infection via vaccine-induced CD4+ T cell targets, while achieving broad control after acquisition.
• What they did: Rhesus macaques received AdHu5SIVGag/Tat T cell immunization with a partially protective, limiting dose of PGT121, then were challenged with SHIVSF162p3 and monitored for acquisition and viremia kinetics.
• The result: T cell vaccination did not change PGT121 protection against acquisition, but constitutively activated rectal CD4+4{beta}7+Ki-67+ T cells attenuated PGT121-mediated protection; together, the combination enabled improved post-infection control.

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