Glycolysis and interferon transcription in melanoma immunotherapy

A defined joint transcriptomic state of high glycolysis and low interferon response is not consistently linked to reduced disease control after PD-1 blockade across melanoma cohorts.

• Why it matters: Glycolysis and interferon signalling have each been tied to PD-1 response, but whether their combined transcriptional pattern predicts treatment outcome was unclear.
• What they did: Using fixed Hallmark gene sets scored by single-sample gene set enrichment analysis in GSE91061, GSE78220, and a Liu cohort (47, 26, and 100 patients), the joint state was tested with conditional odds ratios.
• The result: Conditional odds ratios were 6.06 (95% CI 1.04–65.61; Holm-adjusted P=0.073), 0.35 (0.026–3.11; P=0.365), and 1.03 (0.39–2.73; exploratory P=1.000), with sensitivity analyses showing no consistent adverse association.

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