Changes in anterior cingulate connectivity associated with response to antidepressant treatment for major depressive disorder

In 41 unmedicated adults with major depressive disorder, sertraline or bupropion treatment changed anterior cingulate connectivity, with sgACC/pgACC increases linked to response and remission.

• Why it matters: Prior work links ACC–hippocampal resting connectivity to major depressive disorder and antidepressant response, but it is unclear which ACC subdivisions track clinical improvement versus general drug effects.
• What they did: Participants underwent resting-state fMRI before and after 8 weeks of sertraline or bupropion; seed-based rsFC tested sgACC, pgACC, dACC, and hippocampal formation, using linear mixed-effects models for response, remission, and symptom change.
• The result: Overall rsFC decreased from pre- to post-treatment between dACC and pgACC and in default mode/frontoparietal regions; in responders and remitters, sgACC/pgACC connectivity with temporal and prefrontal/inferior frontal regions increased, and sgACC temporal cortical connectivity related to greater depressive-symptom reductions.

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