PanRes: A database of latent and acquired antimicrobial resistance allowing 3D-based protein homology search.

PanRes integrates 11,717 resistance genes into a unified database with 505 structurally conserved clusters, enabling 3D-based homology search that surpasses BLAST in wastewater metagenomes.

• Why it matters: Antimicrobial resistance databases are vital for genomic surveillance but are fragmented across different resources, limiting comprehensive detection of resistance determinants.
• What they did: The authors curated PanRes, predicted protein structures, clustered them by structural similarity, and built HMMs for remote homology detection, applying these to wastewater metagenomes from five European cities.
• The result: PanRes's 3D-based HMMs identified 35.3% of hits only detectable by these models, revealing greater divergence and structural conservation in resistance proteins like beta-lactamases, thus expanding detection capabilities.