Nutritional interventions' impacts on human milk: Three trials in low-resource settings.

Maternal nutrition interventions increase human milk B-vitamins and improve infant growth in undernourished populations, as shown across three low-resource settings.

• Why it matters: Understanding how maternal diet influences human milk composition is crucial for optimizing infant nutrition, especially in resource-limited environments where malnutrition is prevalent.
• What they did: The study harmonized data from three randomized trials in Burkina Faso, Pakistan, and Tanzania, analyzing the effects of balanced energy-protein supplements or nicotinamide on milk composition and infant growth, with metabolomic and proteomic assessments.
• The result: Maternal supplementation increased milk B-vitamins and was associated with changes in vitamin-related metabolites and triglyceride profiles, with postnatal BEP improving infant growth specifically in the more undernourished cohort.