A multiomic atlas reveals distinct immune landscapes in preterm and term chronic placental inflammation.

Preterm placental inflammation shows a distinct immune profile with cytotoxic T cells, activated macrophages, and NK cells, unlike the immune niches seen at term.

• Why it matters: Understanding the cellular and molecular differences in CPI across gestation is crucial for developing targeted interventions for preterm birth associated with placental inflammation.
• What they did: The study used imaging mass cytometry, single-cell RNA sequencing, spatial transcriptomics, and TCR repertoire analysis on placental tissues from preterm and term pregnancies, revealing an immune continuum with specific cellular compositions.
• The result: Preterm CPI is linked to active fetal immune contributions and proinflammatory signaling, suggesting potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for preventing preterm birth related to placental inflammation.