Time-resolved spectral parameterization: Recommendations and guidelines.

Guidelines for time-resolved spectral parameterization improve analysis of neural activity by addressing challenges in disentangling oscillations and aperiodic signals.

• Why it matters: Understanding non-oscillatory, aperiodic activity is crucial for linking neural signals to systems-level physiology and cognition, but practical and statistical hazards hinder accurate analysis.
• What they did: The authors provide recommendations on optimizing model fits, assessing analysis quality, reporting decisions for reproducibility, and handling cases when oscillations are not identified, based on spectral parameterization tools.
• The result: These guidelines aim to enhance the study of neural dynamics at fine timescales, facilitating more reliable insights into cognition, behavior, and disease through improved spectral analysis practices.