Growth-dependent tRNA reprogramming and codon bias link translation to metabolic state in Enterococcus faecalis.

Growth phase-dependent remodeling of tRNA pools and queuosine modifications in Enterococcus faecalis links translation to metabolic state.

• Why it matters: Understanding how gene and protein expression are coordinated with bacterial growth is crucial for comprehending E. faecalis physiology and its role in infections, yet this remains poorly understood.
• What they did: The study profiled transcript, protein, and tRNA dynamics across different growth phases, revealing biased codon usage, tRNA modifications, and changes in queuosine levels associated with growth.
• The result: Findings suggest queuosine-dependent translational reprogramming influences protein expression during growth, providing insights into bacterial adaptation and potential targets for intervention.