Gut Roseburia hominis-derived 10-hydroxystearic acid alleviates metabolic disorder by restoring hepatic fatty acid metabolism

Roseburia hominis strain-level ohyA variation is linked to cardiometabolic severity, and its product 10-hydroxystearic acid (10-HSA) improves metabolic outcomes in high-fat diet-fed mice.

• Why it matters: Metabolic disorders and dietary interventions offer a way to pinpoint gut microbial taxa and functions tied to both disease status and metabolic improvement, but the causal functional determinants remain unclear.
• What they did: Across five independent human cohorts, the authors integrated microbiome and circulating metabolomics to prioritize ohyA, then tested function in mice by administering 10-HSA and profiling gut and liver responses.
• The result: In high-fat diet-fed mice, 10-HSA attenuated body-weight gain, improved glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity, and reduced dyslipidemia and hepatic steatosis, with hepatic PPAR-associated lipid-metabolic pathway activation and altered fatty-acid oxidation/desaturation.

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