Large language models in bioinformatics: a comprehensive survey.

Large language models with trillions of parameters are transforming bioinformatics by enhancing analysis and understanding of complex biological systems.

• Why it matters: This field addresses the need for advanced computational tools to decode biological complexity, improve medical research, and facilitate personalized treatments, filling a critical gap in data interpretation.
• What they did: The survey reviews the principles and applications of large-scale models in bioinformatics, focusing on gene sequencing, protein structure prediction, and drug design, including 3 key areas.
• The result: These models enable more accurate biological insights and support innovative medical solutions, while highlighting challenges like data quality, interpretability, and responsible deployment to guide future research.