GRAF1-dependent endocytotic processes and the Golgi apparatus contribute to previously unrecognized intermediate stages of early ciliogenesis.

GRAF1-dependent endocytotic processes and the Golgi apparatus jointly facilitate early stages of ciliogenesis, revealing new intermediate structures in cilia assembly.

• Why it matters: Understanding membrane remodeling during ciliogenesis is crucial because the process involves complex membrane dynamics, yet the mechanisms and organelle contributions remain unclear, hindering insights into cilia-related diseases.
• What they did: The study used three-dimensional ultrastructural analysis and functional assays to investigate membrane fusion events, identifying GRAF1 as essential for delivering plasma membrane material and uncovering new intermediate stages in cilia formation.
• The result: Findings demonstrate that GRAF1 and the Golgi independently contribute to ciliogenesis, enabling a more comprehensive model of early cilia assembly and highlighting potential targets for addressing ciliopathies.