A strain-insensitive multiplexed soft microneedle patch for robust interstitial fluid biomarker monitoring.

A soft microneedle sensor array with nano-hill topographies on strain-resilient electrodes reduces signal variability 14-fold versus conventional designs for stable multiplexed ISF biomarker monitoring.

• Why it matters: Conventional microneedle sensors can be insufficiently conformable or fracture during penetration and motion, causing unstable signals that limit reliable multiparameter biomarker acquisition.
• What they did: The authors built a fully integrated system with a soft microneedle sensor array using geometric confinement to delocalize strain, then demonstrated continuous in situ monitoring of multiple ISF biomarkers.
• The result: In a living subject, the system achieved clinical-grade continuous glucose monitoring accuracy (mean absolute relative difference of 10.8%) and captured synchronized real-time dynamics of glucose, local tissue pH, and temperature.